| 1 |
|
| 2 |
|
| 3 |
|
| 4 |
|
| 5 |
|
| 6 |
|
| 7 |
|
| 8 |
|
| 9 |
|
| 10 |
|
| 11 |
|
| 12 |
package org.locationtech.jts.operation.linemerge; |
| 13 |
|
| 14 |
import java.util.ArrayList; |
| 15 |
import java.util.Collection; |
| 16 |
import java.util.Iterator; |
| 17 |
import java.util.LinkedList; |
| 18 |
import java.util.List; |
| 19 |
import java.util.ListIterator; |
| 20 |
import java.util.Set; |
| 21 |
import java.util.TreeSet; |
| 22 |
|
| 23 |
import org.locationtech.jts.geom.Coordinate; |
| 24 |
import org.locationtech.jts.geom.Geometry; |
| 25 |
import org.locationtech.jts.geom.GeometryComponentFilter; |
| 26 |
import org.locationtech.jts.geom.GeometryFactory; |
| 27 |
import org.locationtech.jts.geom.LineString; |
| 28 |
import org.locationtech.jts.geom.MultiLineString; |
| 29 |
import org.locationtech.jts.planargraph.DirectedEdge; |
| 30 |
import org.locationtech.jts.planargraph.GraphComponent; |
| 31 |
import org.locationtech.jts.planargraph.Node; |
| 32 |
import org.locationtech.jts.planargraph.Subgraph; |
| 33 |
import org.locationtech.jts.planargraph.algorithm.ConnectedSubgraphFinder; |
| 34 |
import org.locationtech.jts.util.Assert; |
| 35 |
|
| 36 |
|
| 37 |
/** |
| 38 |
* Builds a sequence from a set of LineStrings so that |
| 39 |
* they are ordered end to end. |
| 40 |
* A sequence is a complete non-repeating list of the linear |
| 41 |
* components of the input. Each linestring is oriented |
| 42 |
* so that identical endpoints are adjacent in the list. |
| 43 |
* <p> |
| 44 |
* A typical use case is to convert a set of |
| 45 |
* unoriented geometric links |
| 46 |
* from a linear network |
| 47 |
* (e.g. such as block faces on a bus route) |
| 48 |
* into a continuous oriented path through the network. |
| 49 |
* <p> |
| 50 |
* The input linestrings may form one or more connected sets. |
| 51 |
* The input linestrings should be correctly noded, or the results may |
| 52 |
* not be what is expected. |
| 53 |
* The computed output is a single {@link MultiLineString} containing the ordered |
| 54 |
* linestrings in the sequence. |
| 55 |
* <p> |
| 56 |
* The sequencing employs the classic <b>Eulerian path</b> graph algorithm. |
| 57 |
* Since Eulerian paths are not uniquely determined, |
| 58 |
* further rules are used to |
| 59 |
* make the computed sequence preserve as much as possible of the input |
| 60 |
* ordering. |
| 61 |
* Within a connected subset of lines, the ordering rules are: |
| 62 |
* <ul> |
| 63 |
* <li>If there is degree-1 node which is the start |
| 64 |
* node of an linestring, use that node as the start of the sequence |
| 65 |
* <li>If there is a degree-1 node which is the end |
| 66 |
* node of an linestring, use that node as the end of the sequence |
| 67 |
* <li>If the sequence has no degree-1 nodes, use any node as the start |
| 68 |
* </ul> |
| 69 |
* |
| 70 |
* Note that not all arrangements of lines can be sequenced. |
| 71 |
* For a connected set of edges in a graph, |
| 72 |
* <i>Euler's Theorem</i> states that there is a sequence containing each edge once |
| 73 |
* <b>if and only if</b> there are no more than 2 nodes of odd degree. |
| 74 |
* If it is not possible to find a sequence, the {@link #isSequenceable()} method |
| 75 |
* will return <code>false</code>. |
| 76 |
* |
| 77 |
* @version 1.7 |
| 78 |
*/ |
| 79 |
public class LineSequencer |
| 80 |
{ |
| 81 |
public static Geometry sequence(Geometry geom) |
| 82 |
{ |
| 83 |
LineSequencer sequencer = new LineSequencer(); |
| 84 |
sequencer.add(geom); |
| 85 |
return sequencer.getSequencedLineStrings(); |
| 86 |
} |
| 87 |
|
| 88 |
/** |
| 89 |
* Tests whether a {@link Geometry} is sequenced correctly. |
| 90 |
* {@link LineString}s are trivially sequenced. |
| 91 |
* {@link MultiLineString}s are checked for correct sequencing. |
| 92 |
* Otherwise, <code>isSequenced</code> is defined |
| 93 |
* to be <code>true</code> for geometries that are not lineal. |
| 94 |
* |
| 95 |
* @param geom the geometry to test |
| 96 |
* @return <code>true</code> if the geometry is sequenced or is not lineal |
| 97 |
*/ |
| 98 |
public static boolean isSequenced(Geometry geom) |
| 99 |
{ |
| 100 |
if (! (geom instanceof MultiLineString)) { |
| 101 |
return true; |
| 102 |
} |
| 103 |
|
| 104 |
MultiLineString mls = (MultiLineString) geom; |
| 105 |
|
| 106 |
Set prevSubgraphNodes = new TreeSet(); |
| 107 |
|
| 108 |
Coordinate lastNode = null; |
| 109 |
List currNodes = new ArrayList(); |
| 110 |
for (int i = 0; i < mls.getNumGeometries(); i++) { |
| 111 |
LineString line = (LineString) mls.getGeometryN(i); |
| 112 |
Coordinate startNode = line.getCoordinateN(0); |
| 113 |
Coordinate endNode = line.getCoordinateN(line.getNumPoints() - 1); |
| 114 |
|
| 115 |
/** |
| 116 |
* If this linestring is connected to a previous subgraph, geom is not sequenced |
| 117 |
*/ |
| 118 |
if (prevSubgraphNodes.contains(startNode)) return false; |
| 119 |
if (prevSubgraphNodes.contains(endNode)) return false; |
| 120 |
|
| 121 |
if (lastNode != null) { |
| 122 |
if (! startNode.equals(lastNode)) { |
| 123 |
|
| 124 |
prevSubgraphNodes.addAll(currNodes); |
| 125 |
currNodes.clear(); |
| 126 |
} |
| 127 |
} |
| 128 |
currNodes.add(startNode); |
| 129 |
currNodes.add(endNode); |
| 130 |
lastNode = endNode; |
| 131 |
} |
| 132 |
return true; |
| 133 |
} |
| 134 |
|
| 135 |
private LineMergeGraph graph = new LineMergeGraph(); |
| 136 |
|
| 137 |
private GeometryFactory factory = new GeometryFactory(); |
| 138 |
private int lineCount = 0; |
| 139 |
|
| 140 |
private boolean isRun = false; |
| 141 |
private Geometry sequencedGeometry = null; |
| 142 |
private boolean isSequenceable = false; |
| 143 |
|
| 144 |
/** |
| 145 |
* Adds a {@link Collection} of {@link Geometry}s to be sequenced. |
| 146 |
* May be called multiple times. |
| 147 |
* Any dimension of Geometry may be added; the constituent linework will be |
| 148 |
* extracted. |
| 149 |
* |
| 150 |
* @param geometries a Collection of geometries to add |
| 151 |
*/ |
| 152 |
public void add(Collection geometries) { |
| 153 |
for (Iterator i = geometries.iterator(); i.hasNext(); ) { |
| 154 |
Geometry geometry = (Geometry) i.next(); |
| 155 |
add(geometry); |
| 156 |
} |
| 157 |
} |
| 158 |
/** |
| 159 |
* Adds a {@link Geometry} to be sequenced. |
| 160 |
* May be called multiple times. |
| 161 |
* Any dimension of Geometry may be added; the constituent linework will be |
| 162 |
* extracted. |
| 163 |
* |
| 164 |
* @param geometry the geometry to add |
| 165 |
*/ |
| 166 |
public void add(Geometry geometry) { |
| 167 |
geometry.apply(new GeometryComponentFilter() { |
| 168 |
public void filter(Geometry component) { |
| 169 |
if (component instanceof LineString) { |
| 170 |
addLine((LineString)component); |
| 171 |
} |
| 172 |
} |
| 173 |
}); |
| 174 |
} |
| 175 |
|
| 176 |
private void addLine(LineString lineString) { |
| 177 |
if (factory == null) { |
| 178 |
this.factory = lineString.getFactory(); |
| 179 |
} |
| 180 |
graph.addEdge(lineString); |
| 181 |
lineCount++; |
| 182 |
} |
| 183 |
|
| 184 |
/** |
| 185 |
* Tests whether the arrangement of linestrings has a valid |
| 186 |
* sequence. |
| 187 |
* |
| 188 |
* @return <code>true</code> if a valid sequence exists. |
| 189 |
*/ |
| 190 |
public boolean isSequenceable() |
| 191 |
{ |
| 192 |
computeSequence(); |
| 193 |
return isSequenceable; |
| 194 |
} |
| 195 |
/** |
| 196 |
* Returns the {@link LineString} or {@link MultiLineString} |
| 197 |
* built by the sequencing process, if one exists. |
| 198 |
* |
| 199 |
* @return the sequenced linestrings, |
| 200 |
* or <code>null</code> if a valid sequence does not exist |
| 201 |
*/ |
| 202 |
public Geometry getSequencedLineStrings() { |
| 203 |
computeSequence(); |
| 204 |
return sequencedGeometry; |
| 205 |
} |
| 206 |
|
| 207 |
private void computeSequence() { |
| 208 |
if (isRun) { return; } |
| 209 |
isRun = true; |
| 210 |
|
| 211 |
List sequences = findSequences(); |
| 212 |
if (sequences == null) |
| 213 |
return; |
| 214 |
|
| 215 |
sequencedGeometry = buildSequencedGeometry(sequences); |
| 216 |
isSequenceable = true; |
| 217 |
|
| 218 |
int finalLineCount = sequencedGeometry.getNumGeometries(); |
| 219 |
Assert.isTrue(lineCount == finalLineCount, "Lines were missing from result"); |
| 220 |
Assert.isTrue(sequencedGeometry instanceof LineString |
| 221 |
|| sequencedGeometry instanceof MultiLineString, |
| 222 |
"Result is not lineal"); |
| 223 |
} |
| 224 |
|
| 225 |
private List findSequences() |
| 226 |
{ |
| 227 |
List sequences = new ArrayList(); |
| 228 |
ConnectedSubgraphFinder csFinder = new ConnectedSubgraphFinder(graph); |
| 229 |
List subgraphs = csFinder.getConnectedSubgraphs(); |
| 230 |
for (Iterator i = subgraphs.iterator(); i.hasNext(); ) { |
| 231 |
Subgraph subgraph = (Subgraph) i.next(); |
| 232 |
if (hasSequence(subgraph)) { |
| 233 |
List seq = findSequence(subgraph); |
| 234 |
sequences.add(seq); |
| 235 |
} |
| 236 |
else { |
| 237 |
|
| 238 |
return null; |
| 239 |
} |
| 240 |
} |
| 241 |
return sequences; |
| 242 |
} |
| 243 |
|
| 244 |
/** |
| 245 |
* Tests whether a complete unique path exists in a graph |
| 246 |
* using Euler's Theorem. |
| 247 |
* |
| 248 |
* @param graph the subgraph containing the edges |
| 249 |
* @return <code>true</code> if a sequence exists |
| 250 |
*/ |
| 251 |
private boolean hasSequence(Subgraph graph) |
| 252 |
{ |
| 253 |
int oddDegreeCount = 0; |
| 254 |
for (Iterator i = graph.nodeIterator(); i.hasNext(); ) { |
| 255 |
Node node = (Node) i.next(); |
| 256 |
if (node.getDegree() % 2 == 1) |
| 257 |
oddDegreeCount++; |
| 258 |
} |
| 259 |
return oddDegreeCount <= 2; |
| 260 |
} |
| 261 |
|
| 262 |
private List findSequence(Subgraph graph) |
| 263 |
{ |
| 264 |
GraphComponent.setVisited(graph.edgeIterator(), false); |
| 265 |
|
| 266 |
Node startNode = findLowestDegreeNode(graph); |
| 267 |
DirectedEdge startDE = (DirectedEdge) startNode.getOutEdges().iterator().next(); |
| 268 |
DirectedEdge startDESym = startDE.getSym(); |
| 269 |
|
| 270 |
List seq = new LinkedList(); |
| 271 |
ListIterator lit = seq.listIterator(); |
| 272 |
addReverseSubpath(startDESym, lit, false); |
| 273 |
while (lit.hasPrevious()) { |
| 274 |
DirectedEdge prev = (DirectedEdge) lit.previous(); |
| 275 |
DirectedEdge unvisitedOutDE = findUnvisitedBestOrientedDE(prev.getFromNode()); |
| 276 |
if (unvisitedOutDE != null) |
| 277 |
addReverseSubpath(unvisitedOutDE.getSym(), lit, true); |
| 278 |
} |
| 279 |
|
| 280 |
/** |
| 281 |
* At this point, we have a valid sequence of graph DirectedEdges, but it |
| 282 |
* is not necessarily appropriately oriented relative to the underlying |
| 283 |
* geometry. |
| 284 |
*/ |
| 285 |
List orientedSeq = orient(seq); |
| 286 |
return orientedSeq; |
| 287 |
} |
| 288 |
|
| 289 |
/** |
| 290 |
* Finds an {@link DirectedEdge} for an unvisited edge (if any), |
| 291 |
* choosing the dirEdge which preserves orientation, if possible. |
| 292 |
* |
| 293 |
* @param node the node to examine |
| 294 |
* @return the dirEdge found, or <code>null</code> if none were unvisited |
| 295 |
*/ |
| 296 |
private static DirectedEdge findUnvisitedBestOrientedDE(Node node) |
| 297 |
{ |
| 298 |
DirectedEdge wellOrientedDE = null; |
| 299 |
DirectedEdge unvisitedDE = null; |
| 300 |
for (Iterator i = node.getOutEdges().iterator(); i.hasNext(); ) { |
| 301 |
DirectedEdge de = (DirectedEdge) i.next(); |
| 302 |
if (! de.getEdge().isVisited()) { |
| 303 |
unvisitedDE = de; |
| 304 |
if (de.getEdgeDirection()) |
| 305 |
wellOrientedDE = de; |
| 306 |
} |
| 307 |
} |
| 308 |
if (wellOrientedDE != null) |
| 309 |
return wellOrientedDE; |
| 310 |
return unvisitedDE; |
| 311 |
} |
| 312 |
|
| 313 |
private void addReverseSubpath(DirectedEdge de, ListIterator lit, boolean expectedClosed) |
| 314 |
{ |
| 315 |
|
| 316 |
Node endNode = de.getToNode(); |
| 317 |
|
| 318 |
Node fromNode = null; |
| 319 |
while (true) { |
| 320 |
lit.add(de.getSym()); |
| 321 |
de.getEdge().setVisited(true); |
| 322 |
fromNode = de.getFromNode(); |
| 323 |
DirectedEdge unvisitedOutDE = findUnvisitedBestOrientedDE(fromNode); |
| 324 |
|
| 325 |
if (unvisitedOutDE == null) |
| 326 |
break; |
| 327 |
de = unvisitedOutDE.getSym(); |
| 328 |
} |
| 329 |
if (expectedClosed) { |
| 330 |
|
| 331 |
Assert.isTrue(fromNode == endNode, "path not contiguous"); |
| 332 |
} |
| 333 |
} |
| 334 |
|
| 335 |
private static Node findLowestDegreeNode(Subgraph graph) |
| 336 |
{ |
| 337 |
int minDegree = Integer.MAX_VALUE; |
| 338 |
Node minDegreeNode = null; |
| 339 |
for (Iterator i = graph.nodeIterator(); i.hasNext(); ) { |
| 340 |
Node node = (Node) i.next(); |
| 341 |
if (minDegreeNode == null || node.getDegree() < minDegree) { |
| 342 |
minDegree = node.getDegree(); |
| 343 |
minDegreeNode = node; |
| 344 |
} |
| 345 |
} |
| 346 |
return minDegreeNode; |
| 347 |
} |
| 348 |
|
| 349 |
/** |
| 350 |
* Computes a version of the sequence which is optimally |
| 351 |
* oriented relative to the underlying geometry. |
| 352 |
* <p> |
| 353 |
* Heuristics used are: |
| 354 |
* <ul> |
| 355 |
* <li>If the path has a degree-1 node which is the start |
| 356 |
* node of an linestring, use that node as the start of the sequence |
| 357 |
* <li>If the path has a degree-1 node which is the end |
| 358 |
* node of an linestring, use that node as the end of the sequence |
| 359 |
* <li>If the sequence has no degree-1 nodes, use any node as the start |
| 360 |
* (NOTE: in this case could orient the sequence according to the majority of the |
| 361 |
* linestring orientations) |
| 362 |
* </ul> |
| 363 |
* |
| 364 |
* @param seq a List of DirectedEdges |
| 365 |
* @return a List of DirectedEdges oriented appropriately |
| 366 |
*/ |
| 367 |
private List orient(List seq) |
| 368 |
{ |
| 369 |
DirectedEdge startEdge = (DirectedEdge) seq.get(0); |
| 370 |
DirectedEdge endEdge = (DirectedEdge) seq.get(seq.size() - 1); |
| 371 |
Node startNode = startEdge.getFromNode(); |
| 372 |
Node endNode = endEdge.getToNode(); |
| 373 |
|
| 374 |
boolean flipSeq = false; |
| 375 |
boolean hasDegree1Node = startNode.getDegree() == 1 |
| 376 |
|| endNode.getDegree() == 1; |
| 377 |
|
| 378 |
if (hasDegree1Node) { |
| 379 |
boolean hasObviousStartNode = false; |
| 380 |
|
| 381 |
|
| 382 |
|
| 383 |
if (endEdge.getToNode().getDegree() == 1 && endEdge.getEdgeDirection() == false) { |
| 384 |
hasObviousStartNode = true; |
| 385 |
flipSeq = true; |
| 386 |
} |
| 387 |
if (startEdge.getFromNode().getDegree() == 1 && startEdge.getEdgeDirection() == true) { |
| 388 |
hasObviousStartNode = true; |
| 389 |
flipSeq = false; |
| 390 |
} |
| 391 |
|
| 392 |
|
| 393 |
if (! hasObviousStartNode) { |
| 394 |
|
| 395 |
if (startEdge.getFromNode().getDegree() == 1) |
| 396 |
flipSeq = true; |
| 397 |
|
| 398 |
} |
| 399 |
|
| 400 |
} |
| 401 |
|
| 402 |
|
| 403 |
|
| 404 |
|
| 405 |
|
| 406 |
if (flipSeq) |
| 407 |
return reverse(seq); |
| 408 |
return seq; |
| 409 |
} |
| 410 |
|
| 411 |
/** |
| 412 |
* Reverse the sequence. |
| 413 |
* This requires reversing the order of the dirEdges, and flipping |
| 414 |
* each dirEdge as well |
| 415 |
* |
| 416 |
* @param seq a List of DirectedEdges, in sequential order |
| 417 |
* @return the reversed sequence |
| 418 |
*/ |
| 419 |
private List reverse(List seq) |
| 420 |
{ |
| 421 |
LinkedList newSeq = new LinkedList(); |
| 422 |
for (Iterator i = seq.iterator(); i.hasNext(); ) { |
| 423 |
DirectedEdge de = (DirectedEdge) i.next(); |
| 424 |
newSeq.addFirst(de.getSym()); |
| 425 |
} |
| 426 |
return newSeq; |
| 427 |
} |
| 428 |
|
| 429 |
/** |
| 430 |
* Builds a geometry ({@link LineString} or {@link MultiLineString} ) |
| 431 |
* representing the sequence. |
| 432 |
* |
| 433 |
* @param sequences a List of Lists of DirectedEdges with |
| 434 |
* LineMergeEdges as their parent edges. |
| 435 |
* @return the sequenced geometry, or <code>null</code> if no sequence exists |
| 436 |
*/ |
| 437 |
private Geometry buildSequencedGeometry(List sequences) |
| 438 |
{ |
| 439 |
List lines = new ArrayList(); |
| 440 |
|
| 441 |
for (Iterator i1 = sequences.iterator(); i1.hasNext(); ) { |
| 442 |
List seq = (List) i1.next(); |
| 443 |
for (Iterator i2 = seq.iterator(); i2.hasNext(); ) { |
| 444 |
DirectedEdge de = (DirectedEdge) i2.next(); |
| 445 |
LineMergeEdge e = (LineMergeEdge) de.getEdge(); |
| 446 |
LineString line = e.getLine(); |
| 447 |
|
| 448 |
LineString lineToAdd = line; |
| 449 |
if (! de.getEdgeDirection() && ! line.isClosed()) |
| 450 |
lineToAdd = reverse(line); |
| 451 |
|
| 452 |
lines.add(lineToAdd); |
| 453 |
} |
| 454 |
} |
| 455 |
if (lines.size() == 0) |
| 456 |
return factory.createMultiLineString(new LineString[0]); |
| 457 |
return factory.buildGeometry(lines); |
| 458 |
} |
| 459 |
|
| 460 |
private static LineString reverse(LineString line) |
| 461 |
{ |
| 462 |
Coordinate[] pts = line.getCoordinates(); |
| 463 |
Coordinate[] revPts = new Coordinate[pts.length]; |
| 464 |
int len = pts.length; |
| 465 |
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) { |
| 466 |
revPts[len - 1 - i] = new Coordinate(pts[i]); |
| 467 |
} |
| 468 |
return line.getFactory().createLineString(revPts); |
| 469 |
} |
| 470 |
|
| 471 |
} |
| 472 |
|